Trabzon - Akçaabat Köfte ( Meatball) - |
Kentin adıyla ilgili birtakım söylentiler de vardır. Evliya Çele- bi’ye göre, kenti zevk ehli, neşeli bir kadın kurduğu için “Tarab- zen” (müzik seven) ya da suyu ve havası hoş olduğu için “Trab-ı efzun” dendiğini yazar.
Başka bir söylentiye göre de, kentin adı “Tuğra bozan”dan gelmiştir: Fatih Sultan Mehmet burayı aldıktan sonra adına sikke bastırdığından “sikke değiştiren” anlamına “tuğra bozan” denmiştir.
Halk arasında yaygın bir söylenti de şöyledir: Bir yiğit, atını nallatmak için bir nalbanda gelir. Nalbandı çok hünerli bulduğundan bir altın para uzatır. Nalbant parayı ovunca, tuğrasını bozar. Müşteri bir para daha verir, yine aynı şey olur. Bunun üzerine, “düş peşime, sen nalbant dükkânına değil, er meydanına yakışırsın” der. Bu olaydan sonra kente “tuğra bozan” adını verirler. Zamanla bu ad, “Trabzon”a dönüşür.
Kültür, Trabzon halkının yaşamında önemli rol oynar. Geçmişten günümüze bir bütünlük içinde, Müslüman ve Hristiyan toplulukların yan yana aynı atmosferi paylaşarak önemli bir kültür zenginliği meydana getirmişlerdir.
Trabzon ilinde ekonominin temelini tarım oluşturur. Ama, tarımsal yapı, öteki bölgelerdekinden farklıdır. Anadolu’nun öteki bölgelerinin temel tahılı olan buğday, burada yerini mısıra bırakmıştır.Dikili alanlar içinde en önemli gelir kaynaklarını, fındık bahçeleriyle çay bahçeleri oluşturur. Rize’de yetiştirilmeye başlanan çay, Trabzon iline 1945 yılında girmiş ve önce Of ilçesinde çay tarımına başlanmıştır.
" Bir Çay Daha Lütfen " / " Yes, I Would Love Another Glass of Tea " |
Hamsi Pilavı Kuymak
Pek çok yemeği yapılan hamsi ve balık çeşitlerinin yanı sıra, mısır çorbasının ayranlı ve yoğurtlu çeşitleri ile karalahanadan yapılan yemek çeşitleri yöre mutfağının temel yemek çeşitlerinden olup, Lahana Çorbası,lahana kavurması, etli lahana sarması, kara lahana yemeği çok sevilir. “Minzi” denen çökelek benzeri peynir, hemen her öğün yenir. Mısır ekmeği, peynirli, minzili, yumurtalı, kabaklı, yağlı pide, hamsili ekmek, “cumur” denen pide,Trabzon döneri,hamsi köy sütlacı, Trabzon burmalısı, laz böreği, Akçaabat köftesi, kıymalı ve peynirli çeşidiyle Trabzon pidesi en ünlü yöresel yemeklerdendir.
Kıymalı Pide / Pide - Prepared or filled with ground meat |
Hamsiden yapılan buğulama, pilav, dolma, haşlama, tava yöre mutfağının vazgeçilmez yemeklerindendir. Hamsi kayganası, “hamsi kuşu” denen köfte, turşu, turşu kavurması özellikle kış aylarında tercih edilir. Yörede “tomara” denen yabani bir bitkiden salata ve turşu yapılır. Sıkılarak suyu süzülen turşular, suda haşlanır, tereyağında kavrulur. Üstüne minzi ekilir. “Huliya”nın yapılışı da buna benzer. Yabani bitkilerden “hamuçera” (dağ çileği), “lifor” (böğürtlen), “mora” (ahududu), “ahlat" (yaban armudu), “karayemiş” (kirazı andırır, daha az tatlı), “çakal eriği” (ekşi dağ eriği) en sevilen meyvelerdir.
Hamsi
Geleneksel yöre mutfağı hamsiden yapılan yemeklerin çoğunlukta olduğu bir mutfaktır. Karadeniz’de hamsinin kültürel bir önemi vardır. Ayrıca dünyada ilk kez adına türkü yazılan balık türüdür.
Hamsi Kuşu
Hamsiler kılçıkları çıkarıldıktan sonra tuzlanıp mısır ununa bulanır. Soğan, nane ve maydanoz ince ince doğranarak iç hazırlanır. Birkaç hamsi avuca alınır, ortalarına ha-zırlanan iç konur. Balıklar çiğ hamurla örtülür, yassıltılarak köfte biçimi verilir. Çırpılmış yumurtaya bulanarak tavada kızartılır
Kuymak
Kuymak yapmak için mısır ununa su katılır ve bulamaç kıvamına gelinceye değin kaynatılır, içine isteğe göre dilimlenmiş peynir, minzi, süt, haşlanmış ısırgan otu konularak pişirilir.
Karalahana Yığması
İnce ince doğranan lahana tuzlanarak 15-20 dakika suda haşlanır, sonra süzülür. Ayrı bir kapta soğan, salça ve kıyma kavrulur. Önceden pişirilen kuru fasulye ve lahananın içine bir çay bardağı pirinç eklenerek bir arada pişirilir.
Pide
Kıymalı ve peynirlisi yapılan ünlü Trabzon Pidesi özellikle kış aylarında hafta sonu kahvaltılarının değişmeyen yiyeceği arasındadır.
Trabzon Ekmeği
Taş fırında pişirilen ekmek, il genelinde üretildiği ilçenin ismiyle anılırken en çok Beşikdüzü, vakfıkebir, çarşı başı ve Akçaabat ilçelerinde üretilmektedir. Uzun süre taze kalışı ve büyüklüğü ile ünlü bir ekmek çeşidi olan Trabzon Ekmeği, şehirler arası otobüslerle başta büyükşehirler olmak üzere ülkemizin değişik illerine ve bölgelerine gönderilmektedir.
Akçaabat Köftesi
Hazırlanışı itibarı ile farklı bir lezzet sunan Akçaabat köftesinin mahalli yemekler arasında özel bir yeri vardır.
_________________________________
Trabzon Cuisine
_________________________________Cheese Pide |
Hamsi is the best known fish in Trabzon; however all the fish along the shore and in open waters near Trabzon are caught, and there are many kinds of fish in the Trabzon fish house. These include bluefish, mackerel, bonito, tuna, turbot, eel, needlefish, horse mackerel, gray mullet, sea bream, umbra and red mullet.
A important cash crop in Trabzon, hazelnuts are eaten both green and ripe/dry. Ripe hazelnuts are eaten either as is or roasted. Green hazelnut kernels are called “kanci.” Hazelnuts have a high volume of oil, which is a very healthy. They are used in a variety of sweets, and are roasted either in pans on the stove top, or in ovens, or in pans placed on top of the soba.mullet.
These are made at köfte (meatball) restaurants alond the road between Trabzon and Akçaabat. Akçaabat köftesi is two or three times the size of Tekirdağ köftesi (which is about 2 inches long and < 1 inch wide), but is a soft köfte.
Breads and Pides
Vakfıkebir Ekmeği
This bread, produced in Vakfıkebir and Beşikdüzü, as well as in Maçka – Hamsiköy, ranges from 450 gr to 7.5 kilos in weight. It is known nearly everywhere in Turkey as “Vakfıkebir” or “Trabzon” bread. In addition to Trabson, it is especially produced in small towns along major highways. It is baked in a wood-fired stone oven, and is leavened with natural sourdough. Vakfıkebir bread is flavorful, has a long shelf life, and does not mold easily. When it goes stale it is still good. During recent years, companies producing Vakfıkebir bread have opened in large cities such as Istanbul and Ankara. As it’s cooked in stone ovens, it is also known as “Stone oven” (Taşfırın) bread. In some areas it is mistakenly called “wood bread” (odun ekmeği); what is meant is that the oven is wood-fired. A “Vakfıkebir Bread Festival” is held each year for the purpose of promoting this bread domestically and abroad.
Pide (butter, egg, cheese, ground meat, sucuk)
These are the pides well-known today as “Trabzon pidesi.” The one known as yağlı pide is generously topped with butter before baking. The yumurtalı (egg) pide is the same with the addition of an egg, which is generally broken onto the dough and spread without much mixing. Peynirli pide is topped with a local cheese called “kolof cheese,” which resembles young kashar or mozzarella. (The name “kolof” here refers to a type of bread which this cheese outwardly resembles.) Ground meat and sucuk pides are less common. In Trabzon, as well as large cities such as Istanbul and Ankara, there are bakeries that produce this pide exclusively.
Bazlama
In the villages of Trabzon, hearths in either the center or one end of the kitchen were used to heat the home as well as to bake bread and cook. These hearths included a three-legged stand for the convex griddles known as sac, which are heated on this stand with fire underneath. Bread made from a leavened wheat or corn dough, rolled out to pide thickness and cooked on both sides on such griddles is known as bazlama. Bazlama is eaten hot spread with butter.
Çirihta
These are small pides made from spoonfuls of thin flour batter. They are cooked in a pan on both sides, then eaten either plain or sprinkled with sugar. In other parts of Anatolia they are made from a thicker dough and known as “lokma.”
Milk Products
Telli Peynir (String Cheese)
The string cheese from Trabzon that is sold in the markets of Istanbul is made as follows: Finished kolof cheese is put into boiling water and sprinkled with a little salt. After boiling for a time, it is removed from the hot water, and when it has cooled, it kneaded and pulled out into strings. These are hung on nails to dry, and cut into 5-15 cm lengths. It is then mixed with salted minci (yogurt cheese) and packed into tins. This is fresh string cheese, and it is eaten for breakfast. The tins were once sealed and buried in the ground, which allowed the cheese to be stored for long periods. As the cream was partially removed from the milk when the kolof cheese was made, it is not a full-fat cheese.
Minci (Yogurt cheese)
To make minci, yogurt is churned and after the butter has been removed, the remaining ayran is boiled in a kettle, where it separates. The kettle is then removed from the heat, and the curd is removed with a ladle and put into a cloth bag, where it drains. Sometimes the bag is placed between two stones in order to speed the draining process. The resulting cheese is called minci. It is used for making böreks, and is also fried with butter and eggs for a type of mıhlama. Salted, it can be stored for long periods, and is used like nonfat cheese. In the old days, string cheese was buried in tins in the ground interspersed with minci for storage.
Butter
To make butter, cow or sheep’s milk is collected in a wooden storage vessel called a külek. When the amount is sufficient, it is put into a suspended barrel called a yayık and churned. After churning for some time the butter begins to separate into clumps. At this point the yayık is taken down and the butter/milk mixture is emptied into a pot. The butter, which collects on the surface, is removed with a spoon and put into a pan. When all the butter is collected, it is washed until the water flows transparent. This is unsalted butter, and is generally eaten with breakfast. If it is to be stored for long periods, it must be appropriately salted. Salted butter is used in cooking. The best known is that from Vakfıkebir; it is much sought-after in the area. In Trabzon, butter, tereyağin Turkish, is also known as sari yağ (yellow fat/oil). The liquid that remains after the butter is removed is known as taze ayran, or “fresh” ayran, ayran generally being the term applied to yogurt thinned with water. In time it ferments and becomes sour ayran.
Soups
Yarma mısır çorbası (cracked corn soup)
Once, corn was one of the basic staples in Trabzon, as it was in other cities of the East Black Sea. Known as mısır in Turkish, it is also known as lazut in the area. Mısır yarması, or cracked corn, is made by breaking up the corn kernels in a special mill for that purpose. To make yarma soup, equal parts cracked corn and pinto beans (or dried cranberry beans) are cooked in water until they are soft. Yogurt or ayran is then added. The soup is cooked with no oil or butter; it can also be eaten cold.
Kara Lahana Çorbası (Kale Soup)
Kale soup is made during the winter. There is a saying among the people that until it has snowed on the kale, its leaves are bitter. The kale leaves are washed and chopped. They are then boiled in a kettle, and corn meal and pinto beans are added. When it is cooked, caul fat or margarine is added, and it is served hot. Kuymak – Corn Meal Mush Various variations on corn meal mush, called kuymak, are made in the Trabzon region, and are very commonly made:
Corn meal kuymak
This is made with sun-dried corn meal, in deep copper pans especially for the purpose. First butter is heated in the pan, then water is added and brought to a boil. When the water boils, the corn meal is added a little at a time and stirred with a wooden spoon or a special stirrer called a çirpi (“whisk, stirrer”). When it thickens, it is left to simmer. When completely cooked, it is emptied into a serving platter and served topped with yogurt of honey. Kuymak from oven-dried corn meal is made in the same way.
Hamsi Dishes Not only in Trabzon but in the entire Central and Eastern Black Sea Region, hamsi is a very popular and much eaten fish, which is made into a variety of dishes. Here are just a few of them:
Hamsi kızartması (fried hamsi)
The hamsi is cleaned, then dipped into corn meal and fried in hot oil, and fried on both sides.
Hamsi kuşu (hamsi “birds”)
In this version, cleaned and deboned hamsi are pressed together skin side out, then dipped in egg and corn meal, and fried.
Squash Three main types of squash (kabak) are grown in the Trabzon region. “Su kabağı,” literally “water squash,” corresponds to courgette/zucchini, and when fresh, is fried and stuffed. “Kara kabak” (black squash) is a type of winter squash which is not sweet, and cooked with meat and rice. The third, known as “tatlı kabak” (sweet squash), “Of kabağı,” (for the town of Of), or “Kestane kabağı” (chestnut squash) is a variety of the winter squash familiar in the west. Other types are grown as well but they are not common.
Kara Deniz Mutfağı / Black Sea Cuisine
Kaynak
İl kültür ve Turizm
Turkish Cuisine
Hiç yorum yok:
Yorum Gönder